Carrel, Alexis pronounced kuh REHL, (1873-1944), a French surgeon and biologist, proved that tissues could survive apart from their organs if properly nourished. He won the 1912 Nobel Prize in medicine for his work in blood-vessel surgery and in transplanting organs and tissues. During World War I, he and the English chemist, Henry Dakin, developed the Carrel-Dakin antiseptic solution for treating injuries and wounds.
Carrel was born in Lyon. He moved to the United States in 1905, and was appointed to the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research (now Rockefeller University) in 1906. At the outbreak of World War II, he returned to France, where he died. His works include Man, the Unknown (1935). With the aviator Charles A. Lindbergh, Carrel wrote The Culture of Organs (1938).
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